Roman Numerals

Converts between numbers and Roman numerals (1–3999).

Roman Numerals is a free converter that turns regular numbers into Roman numerals and parses Roman numerals back into numbers. It supports the standard range from 1 to 3999, validating input in both directions so you only get well-formed results. Pick a direction and convert values like 2024 to MMXXIV or read a numeral such as MCMLXXXIV back to its decimal value.

Common uses

  • Convert a year like 2024 into MMXXIV for copyright lines, book chapters, or movie credits
  • Decode an unfamiliar Roman numeral such as MCMXCIV back into a plain number
  • Verify that a Roman numeral string is valid and uses standard subtractive notation
  • Generate numeral labels for outlines, appendices, or clock faces
  • Check classic-style date formatting on monuments, certificates, or logos

FAQ

Is my data sent to a server?

No. The conversion runs entirely in your browser using local JavaScript, and nothing you type is uploaded or stored on any server.

What number range is supported?

Numbers from 1 to 3999 (integers only). Values outside that range, decimals, or non-numeric input produce an error message because standard Roman numerals do not include zero, negatives, or values of 4000 and above.

Which characters are valid for Roman input?

Only the letters M, D, C, L, X, V, and I are accepted, in any letter case. Input is trimmed and uppercased automatically, but any other character is rejected as invalid.

Why does my Roman numeral show as invalid even though it only uses valid letters?

The tool enforces standard subtractive notation, so it round-trips your input and rejects non-canonical forms. For example IIII, VV, or IC are invalid because the correct numerals are IV, X, and XCIX respectively.

How do I switch between converting to and from Roman numerals?

Use the Mode option to choose Number to Roman or Roman to Number, then enter your value. The conversion updates based on the selected direction.

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